Lirik lagu: Unbreak My Heart

'Un-Break My Heart' is a song performed by American singer Toni Braxton, from her second studio album, Secrets (1996). The song was written by Diane Warren and produced by David Foster. It was released as the second single from the album in October 1996, through LaFace Records. The song is a ballad about a 'blistering heartbreak' in which Braxton begs a former lover to return and undo the pain he has caused. It won a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance at the 39th Annual Grammy Awards in 1997.

'Un-Break My Heart' attained commercial success worldwide. In the United States, the song reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100, where it stayed a total of eleven weeks, while reaching the same position on the Hot Dance Club Songs and Adult Contemporary component charts. When Billboard celebrated their 40 years charting from 1958 to 1998, the song was declared as the most successful song by a solo artist in the Billboard Hot 100 history.^[2] In Europe, the song reached the top five in more than ten countries while peaking at number one in Austria, Belgium (Wallonia), Sweden, and Switzerland.

Bille Woodruff directed the accompanying video for the single. It portrays Braxton mourning the death of her lover, while remembering the good times they had together. Braxton performed the song on the opening ceremony of the 1996 Billboard Music Awards. 'Un-Break My Heart' has been covered by several artists, including American alternative rock band Weezer on the album Death to False Metal.

• 3Reception
• 4Promotion
• 7Charts

Background[edit]

Diane Warren wrote 'Un-Break My Heart' in 1995. When asked about her songwriting process, she said that songs usually come to her from a title, a chorus, or a drum beat. 'Un-Break My Heart' was conceived from its title, and, according to Warren, 'it popped into my head, and I thought, 'I don't think I've heard that before, that's kind of interesting.' I started playing around on the piano with these chords and did a key change, and then I knew, 'OK, this is magic.'^[3] Warren further explained that she wrote 'Un-Break My Heart' as a ballad and dance song, because that was the way she heard it. She said: 'some people only know it as a – gay – dance song!'^[4]

When Warren played the finished song to Arista Records' president L.A. Reid, he thought it would fit Braxton's then upcoming album.^[5] When 'Un-Break My Heart' was sent to Braxton, she expressed dislike for the song. According to Warren, 'Toni hated the song. She didn't want to do it.'^[6] Reid was able to convince Braxton to record it, and it later became her signature song.^[6] Following the recording sessions of the song, Braxton approached Warren and explained why she was skeptical about recording it, further explaining that she didn't want another 'heartbreak track'.^[6]

Recording sessions occurred at The Record Plant and Chartmarker Studios in Los Angeles, California in the same year.^[7] 'Un-Break My Heart' was released as the second single from Secrets on November 11, 1996.^[8]

Composition[edit]

Produced by David Foster, 'Un-Break My Heart' is a four minute-25 second pop and R&Bpower ballad.^[7][1][11] The song's theme alludes to a 'blistering heartbreak' in which Braxton begs a former lover to return and undo the pain he has caused.^[9] According to sheet music published by Realsongs at Musicnotes.com, the verses of 'Un-Break My Heart' are composed in the key of B minor, and the piece modulates to D minor for the chorus and G-sharp minor for the bridge; the song is set in a time signature of common time with a moderately slow tempo of 55 beats per minute.^[10] Braxton's vocal range spans from the low-note of D3 to the high-note of D5. David Willoughby, author of The World of Music (2009), said a few phrases such as 'Don't leave me in all this pain' are sufficient to reveal the 'sadness and the longing' in the song.^[12]

The song was remixed by several DJs such as Hex Hector, Frankie Knuckles and Soul Solution. As noted by Jose F. Promis of Allmusic, the song

in its original form, was a massive adult contemporary and pop hit, and, with its larger-than-life chorus, worked equally well as an unstoppable dance number, even if the vocals were never re-recorded.^[13]

The 'Soul-Hex Vocal Anthem' remix, with a length over nine minutes, was influenced by tribal house music; while the 'Classic Radio Mix' is a piano-driven house music edit.^[13] A Spanish version of 'Un-Break My Heart', titled 'Regresa a Mi', was included as a bonus track on Secrets.^[7]MusicOMH contributor Uma Uthayashanker considered it 'an easy listen' version 'that encapsulates the passion and meaning of the original but opens it up to a wider audience.'^[14]

Reception[edit]

Critical response[edit]

Spin journalist Charles Aaron positively reviewed the song and joked: 'this exquisitely crafted, heart-pumping l-u-v song has been droning in the produce department of my grocery store for about a year now, but I'd just like to go on record as saying that if it ever stops, I'll really be heartbroken.'^[15] Bob McCann, author of Encyclopedia of African American actresses in film and television (2010), considered it 'simply one of the most haunting R&B records ever made',^[16] while Robert Christgau named it 'miraculous' and explained 'the miracle being that it's by Diane Warren and you want to hear it again.'^[17] Dave Sholin from the Gavin Report commented: 'Most who hear this Diane Warren composition, which was produced with skillful guidance by David Foster, will need to take a few seconds before breathing normally again.'^[18]About.com reviewer Mark Edward Nero named it one of the best R&B break-up songs and considered it Braxton's 'finest moment'. He further commented, 'damn, this song is so sad it can make people cry for hours at a time.'^[19] In 1997, 'Un-Break My Heart' won a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance.^[20]

While reviewing the album, Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic said the songs produced by David Foster are too predictable due to their 'slick commercial appeal'. However, Erlewine noted that Braxton 'manages to infuse the songs with life and passion that elevates them beyond their generic confines' due to her vocal ability.^[21] Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered the track 'a tearjerker so grandiose and yet so intrinsically, assuredly hit-bound, it's the kind of mass-appeal grabber that's probably already sent a jealous Diana Ross diving for a comfort gallon of Häagen-Dazs.'^[22] Tucker also named it the worst track on Secrets, and further stated: 'Un-Break My Heart' is 'one of those the-verses-exist-only-for-the-swelling-chorus showstoppers that allude to emotions without ever actually embodying them. Braxton does her darnedest to plug some life into the song, to no avail'.^[22] J.D. Considine of The Baltimore Sun described 'Un-Break My Heart' as 'overblown'.^[23]

Chart performance[edit]

In the United States, 'Un-Break My Heart' managed to peak at number one on Billboard Hot 100 for eleven weeks, from the week of December 7, 1996 to the week of February 15, 1997, and stayed in the same position on the Adult Contemporary chart for fourteen weeks. The song was later ranked as the fourth most popular song of the decade on the 1990-1999 Decade-End Hot 100 chart. In July 2008, 'Un-Break My Heart' was listed as the tenth most popular song of all-time by Billboard. Despite its success on the Hot 100, the song would not reach the number-one position of the Hot R&B Singles chart, remaining at number two for four weeks behind 'I Believe I Can Fly' by R. Kelly.^[5] It sold 2.4 million copies domestically and was certified platinum by the RIAA.^[24][25][26] 'Un-Break My Heart' also achieved commercial success worldwide, reaching number one in Austria, Belgium (Wallonia), the European Hot 100 Singles, Sweden, and Switzerland,^[8] while reaching the top five in several European countries.^[8]

In the week of November 4, 1996, the song debuted at number four in the UK Singles Chart, reaching a peak at number two after seven weeks on the chart.^[27] According to the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), it has shipped over 600,000 copies there, being certified Platinum.^[28] In Australia, the song peaked at number six,^[8] and was later certified Platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), for shipments of more than 70,000 units of the single.^[29]

Promotion[edit]

Music video[edit]

LaFace Records commissioned a music video to be directed by Bille Woodruff.^[30] The concept evolves around the ending of Braxton's relationship with her lover, played by model Tyson Beckford.^[31] As the video begins, Beckford is seen leaving their home, with Braxton giving him a goodbye kiss, then going to check the mailbox. After he leaves the garage, a fast car suddenly appears and causes an accident, leaving him lying on the street while Braxton cries over his body. She then walks around the house, remembering the good moments she had with him, such as swimming in the pool and playing Twister. During the bridge and final chorus, Braxton is seen singing the song during a live concert, an allusion to the film 'A Star is Born'. As applause rises, the video fades to black. The music video premiered on September 10, 1996 on MTV.^[32]

Live performances and covers[edit]

'Un-Break My Heart' was performed during the opening of the 1996 Billboard Music Awards. During the up-tempo rendition of the track, Braxton sported an outfit similar to the ones of theatrical productions Ziegfeld Follies.^[33] She also performed it as the closing number of the Libra Tour (2006).^[11]

Saxophonist Marion Meadows covered the song for his album Pleasure in 1997,^[34] while Filipino singer Nina recorded her own version of it for her 2008 album Nina Sings the Hits of Diane Warren.^[35] Italian group Il Divo cover of the Spanish version of the track received positive appreciation from critics, who said the cover 'has the potential to be a hit and to open doors for many of opera's most acclaimed stars.'^[14] American alternative rock band Weezer also covered 'Un-Break My Heart' in 2005.^[36] Their version was released on the album Death to False Metal in 2010.^[37] Lead vocalist Rivers Cuomo explained why the band covered the track:

'I loved that song. It was actually Rick Rubin's suggestion. We both loved that song and we both thought it would be great for Weezer, and for my voice, and it’d be great to do like a rock version of it with more of an alternative aesthetic. And you know, just the way I would sing it versus in the way Toni Braxton would sing it. And I love the way it came out, and I think probably the rest of the band really does not like it, and that’s probably why it didn’t make our fifth record, in 2005 when we were recording it.'^[36]

Track listings[edit]

Personnel[edit]

• Toni Braxton: lead and background vocals
• Diane Warren: songwriter
• David Foster: producer, arranger, Fender Rhodes keyboards, Yamaha acoustic piano, Minimoog synth bass
• Simon Franglen: Synclavier programming, drum programming
• Michael Thompson: electric guitar
• Dean Parks: acoustic guitar
• L.A. Reid: background vocal arranger
• Tim Thomas: background vocal arranger
• Shanice Wilson: background vocals

Charts[edit]

Certifications[edit]

Release history[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abNielsen Business Media, Inc. (21 September 1996). Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. pp. 64–. ISSN0006-2510.
2. ^Billboard 40 Years of the Top 40: The Hot 100 of the Hot 100: Top Songs of Four Decades. Billboard. September 19, 1998. Retrieved September 25, 2010.
3. ^Bentley, Toni (October 16, 2010). 'A Chart-Topping Cave Dweller'. The Wall Street Journal. News Corporation. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
4. ^Midemblog, James (January 13, 2011). 'Interview: Diane Warren, the 'fiercely independent' hitmaker'. Midem Blog. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
5. ^ ^abHogan, Ed. 'Song Review - Un-Break My Heart'. Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
6. ^ ^abc'Songbook: Diane Warren'. British Sky Broadcasting Group. March 22, 2011. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
7. ^ ^abcSecrets liner notes. LaFace Records (1996)
8. ^ ^abcde'Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart Austriancharts.at'. Ö3 Austria Top 40. Hung Medien. October 7, 1996. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
9. ^ ^abSingles: Six Decades of Hot Hits & Classic Cuts. Thunder Bay Press. Outline Press Ltd. 2006. p. 273.
10. ^ ^ab'Toni Braxton - Unbreak My Heart Sheet Music'. Musicnotes.com. Alfred Publishing Co., Inc. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
11. ^ ^abOllison, Rashod D (April 5, 2006). 'Toni Braxton wiggles and hums'. The Baltimore Sun. Tribune Company. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
12. ^Willoughby 2009, p. 127
13. ^ ^abcPromis, Jose F (November 11, 1996). 'Un-Break My Heart (CD 2)'. Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
14. ^ ^abUthayashanker, Uma (November 1, 2004). 'Il Divo - Regresa A Mi (BMG)'. musicOMH. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
15. ^Aaron, Charles (May 1997). Singles. 13. Spin. Spin Media LLC. p. 118. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
16. ^McCan 2010, p. 55
17. ^Christgau, Robert (1996). 'Consumer Guide Album - Secrets'. Robert Christgau. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
18. ^Sholin, Dave (September 27, 1996). 'Gavin Picks > Singles'(PDF). Gavin Report. No. 2124. p. 78. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
19. ^Nero, Mark Edward. 'Best R&B Break-Up Songs'. About.com. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
20. ^'Grammy Awards: Best Pop Vocal Performance – Female'. Rock on the Net. Retrieved July 20, 2011.
21. ^Erlewine, Stephen Thomas (June 18, 1996). 'Secrets - Toni Braxton'. Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved March 25, 2002.
22. ^ ^abTucker, Ken (June 12, 2006). 'Music Review: Secrets (1996)'. Entertainment Weekly. Time Warner. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
23. ^Considine, J.D. (June 18, 1996). 'Toni's second doesn't shout Review: Braxton's new album has the remarkable voice of the debut, but many of these melodies don't sing'. The Baltimore Sun. Tribune Company. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
24. ^ ^ab'Best-Selling Records of 1996'. Billboard. BPI Communications Inc. 109 (3): 61. January 18, 1997. ISSN0006-2510. Retrieved May 9, 2015.
25. ^ ^ab'Best-Selling Records of 1997'. Billboard. BPI Communications Inc. 110 (5): 76. January 31, 1998. ISSN0006-2510. Retrieved May 9, 2015.
26. ^ ^ab'American single certifications – Braxton, Toni – Unbreak My Heart'. Recording Industry Association of America.If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH.
27. ^ ^abcd'Toni Braxton - Archive Chart'. UK Singles Chart. Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on September 5, 2012. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
28. ^ ^ab'British single certifications – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart'. British Phonographic Industry.Select singles in the Format field.Select Platinum in the Certification field.Type Un-Break My Heart in the 'Search BPI Awards' field and then press Enter.
29. ^ ^ab'ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 1997 Singles'. Australian Recording Industry Association.
30. ^'Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart'. mvdbase.com. Retrieved December 8, 2006.
31. ^'Tyson Beckford Biography'. Hello. Hello Ltd. Retrieved December 8, 2006.
32. ^'100 Greatest Women In Music Videos: 1-100'. MTV. MTV Networks. September 10, 1996. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
33. ^Gonzales, Michael (June–July 1997). Toni's Secret. 5. p. 92. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
34. ^'Pleasure - Marion Meadow'. Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
35. ^Resty, Odon. 'Album Review - Nina Sigs the Hits of Diane Warren'. Titik Pilipino. Archived from the original on December 1, 2008. Retrieved August 14, 2010.
36. ^ ^abSchlansky, Evan (October 22, 2010). 'Exclusive: Rivers Cuomo Explains Weezer's Cover Of 'Un-Break My Heart'. American Songwriting. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
37. ^Schlansky, Evan (October 12, 2010). 'Weezer Cover 'Un-Break My Heart': An Early Review'. American Songwriting. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
38. ^Un-Break My Heart (US CD liner notes). Toni Braxton. LaFace Records. 1997. 73008-24200-2.CS1 maint: others (link)
39. ^Un-Break My Heart (US CD liner notes). Toni Braxton. LaFace Records. 1997. 73008-24207-2.CS1 maint: others (link)
40. ^Un-Break My Heart (US 12' liner notes). Toni Braxton. LaFace Records. 1997. 73008-24213-1.CS1 maint: others (link)
41. ^Un-Break My Heart (European CD liner notes). Toni Braxton. LaFace Records. 1997. 74321 41324 2.CS1 maint: others (link)
42. ^Un-Break My Heart (UK CD liner notes). Toni Braxton. LaFace Records. 1997. 74321 41063 2.CS1 maint: others (link)
43. ^Un-Break My Heart (European CD liner notes). Toni Braxton. LaFace Records. 1997. 74321 41064 2.CS1 maint: others (link)
44. ^Un-Break My Heart (AUS CD liner notes). Toni Braxton. LaFace Records. 1997. 73008-24207-2.CS1 maint: others (link)
45. ^'Australian-charts.com – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart'. ARIA Top 50 Singles.
46. ^'Austriancharts.at – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart' (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
47. ^'Ultratop.be – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart' (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
48. ^'Ultratop.be – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart' (in French). Ultratop 50.
49. ^'Ultratop Dance 15/02/1997'. ultratop.be. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
50. ^'Top RPM Singles: Issue 9879.' RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved October 3, 2018.
51. ^'Top RPM Adult Contemporary: Issue 7880.' RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved October 3, 2018.
52. ^'Top RPM Dance/Urban: Issue 3163.' RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved October 3, 2018.
53. ^'Top 10 Czech Republic'(PDF). Music & Media. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
54. ^ ^ab'Hits of the World'. Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. 109 (05). 1997-02-01. ISSN0006-2510. Retrieved March 16, 2011.
55. ^'Toni Braxton: Un-Break My Heart' (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland.
56. ^'Lescharts.com – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart' (in French). Les classement single.
57. ^'Offiziellecharts.de – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart'. GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved May 17, 2019.
58. ^'Top 10 Czech Republic'(PDF). Music & Media. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
59. ^'Íslenski Listinn Topp 40 (19.12.1996 - 25.12.1996)'(PDF) (in Icelandic). Dagblaðið Vísir - Tónlist. Retrieved February 5, 2018.
60. ^'The Irish Charts – Search Results – Un-Break My Heart'. Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved July 4, 2018.
61. ^ ^ab'I singoli più venduti del 1993' (in Italian). Hit Parade Italia. Retrieved October 3, 2018.
62. ^ 'Nederlandse Top 40 – week 47, 1996' (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40 Retrieved December 29, 2017.
63. ^'Dutchcharts.nl – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart' (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
64. ^'Charts.nz – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart'. Top 40 Singles.
65. ^'Norwegiancharts.com – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart'. VG-lista.
66. ^ ^ab'Romanian Top 100: Top of the Year 1997' (in Romanian). Romanian Top 100. Archived from the original on September 22, 2005.
67. ^Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN84-8048-639-2.
68. ^'Swedishcharts.com – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart'. Singles Top 100.
69. ^'Swisscharts.com – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart'. Swiss Singles Chart.
70. ^'Toni Braxton Chart History (Adult Contemporary)'. Billboard. Retrieved December 29, 2017.
71. ^'Toni Braxton Chart History (Hot 100)'. Billboard. Retrieved December 29, 2017.
72. ^'Toni Braxton Chart History (Dance Club Songs)'. Billboard. Retrieved December 29, 2017.
73. ^'Toni Braxton Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)'. Billboard. Retrieved December 29, 2017.
74. ^'Toni Braxton Chart History (Pop Songs)'. Billboard. Retrieved December 29, 2017.
75. ^'Toni Braxton Chart History (Rhythmic)'. Billboard. Retrieved December 29, 2017.
76. ^'Top 40 1996'. Dutch Top 40. MegaCharts. Retrieved June 14, 2011.
77. ^'Sverigetopplistan - Årslistan 1996 (Note: go to Sök alla listor > Årslistor > Välj år 1996 > Visa!)' (in Swedish). Retrieved May 28, 2011.
78. ^'Top 100 Singles 1996'. Music Week. 18 January 1997. p. 25.
79. ^'Billboard Top 100 - 1996'. Billboard. Archived from the original on March 1, 2009. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
80. ^'1996 Year End Chart: R&B/Hip-Hop Songs'. Billboard. Retrieved January 27, 2012.
81. ^'ARIA Charts – End Of Year Charts – Top 100 Singles 1997'. Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved March 11, 2011.
82. ^'Austriancharts.at - Jahreshitparade 1997'. Hung Medien. Retrieved May 30, 2010.
83. ^'Ultratop.be - Jaaroverzichten 1997'. Retrieved May 29, 2011.
84. ^'Ultratop.be - Rapports annuels 1997'. Ultratop 50. Hung Medien (in French). Retrieved May 28, 2011.
85. ^'RPM '97 Year End Top 100 Hit Tracks'. RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved October 3, 2018.
86. ^'RPM '97 Year End Top 100 Adult Contemporary Tracks'. RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved October 3, 2018.
87. ^'Classement Singles – année 1997'. Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique (in French). Archived from the original on March 26, 2014. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
88. ^'Top 100 Single-Jahrescharts'. GfK Entertainment (in German). offiziellecharts.de. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
89. ^'Sverigetopplistan - Årslistan 1997 (Note: go to Sök alla listor > Årslistor > Välj år 1997 > Visa!)' (in Swedish). Retrieved May 28, 2011.
90. ^'Hitparade.ch - Jahreshitparade 1997'. Swiss Music Charts. Hung Medien (in German). Retrieved March 20, 2011.
91. ^'Billboard Top 100 - 1997'. Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Archived from the original on June 11, 2009. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
92. ^Geoff Mayfield (December 25, 1999). 1999 The Year in Music Totally 90s: Diary of a Decade - The listing of Top Pop Albums of the 90s & Hot 100 Singles of the 90s. Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Retrieved October 15, 2010.
93. ^'Hot 100 turns 60'. Billboard. Retrieved August 6, 2018.
94. ^'Austrian single certifications – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart' (in German). IFPI Austria.Enter Toni Braxton in the field Interpret. Enter Un-Break My Heart in the field Titel. Select single in the field Format. Click Suchen.
95. ^'Ultratop − Goud en Platina – singles 1997'. Ultratop. Hung Medien.
96. ^'French single certifications – Toni Braxton – Un Break My Heart' (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique.
97. ^'Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Toni Braxton; 'Un-Break My Heart')' (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie.
98. ^'Dutch single certifications – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart' (in Dutch). Nederlandse Vereniging van Producenten en Importeurs van beeld- en geluidsdragers.Enter Un-Break My Heart in the 'Artiest of titel' box.
99. ^'New Zealand single certifications – Toni Braxton – Unbreak My Heart'. Recorded Music NZ.
100. ^'Norwegian single certifications – Toni Braxton – Un-Break My Heart' (in Norwegian). IFPI Norway.
101. ^'Guld- och Platinacertifikat − År 1987−1998'(PDF) (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden.
102. ^'The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards (Toni Braxton; 'Un-Break My Heart')'. IFPI Switzerland. Hung Medien.
103. ^http://www.musicweek.com/analysis/read/all-out-warren-diane-warren-s-greatest-hits/072651

Notes[edit]

• Willoughby, David (2009). The World of Music. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. ISBN9780073401416.
• McCan, Bob (2010). Encyclopedia of African American actresses in film and television. McFarland. ISBN9780786437900.

External links[edit]

• Official music video on 'Vevo' on YouTube — Vevo.